C. parvum is a protozoan parasite that can cause gastrointestinal illness with diarrhea in humans. Through various mechanisms the parasite can manipulate the host cytoskeleton proteins, including rearranging tropomyosin-5 protein, actinin, villin, ezrin, at the site of infection. This restructuring of proteins allows the parasite to infiltrate intestinal cells. Due to antigenic similarity between C. parvum, actin and tropomyosin structures, these antibodies may cross-react with human tissues resulting in autoimmunity associated with parasitic infections.
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