Linoleic acid is by far the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in most human tissues. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid, and low levels indicate dietary insufficiency.

Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and is used for digestion. Therefore, abnormal lipase levels are usually indicative of a pancreatic disorder. A healthcare professional may order a lipase test to diagnose or monitor such a condition.

Lipid peroxides are a class of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that preferentially oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) linoleic, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic acids (omega-6 PUFAs).

Lipid peroxides exert their toxic effects via two mechanisms. One is by altering the assembly, composition, structure and dynamics of cell membrane lipid bilayers. The second is by producing more reactive oxygen species or by degrading into reactive compounds capable of damaging DNA and proteins.

The central nervous system is particularly prone to lipid peroxidation due to the high quantity of ROS as a byproduct of ATP synthesis in a lipid-enriched environment.16 Circulating LDLs can be affected by lipid peroxidation and are implicated in diseases including atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.

Lipid peroxides are oxidative degradation products of lipids, generated by a free radical chain reaction. Because of their abundance of reactive hydrogens, polyunsaturated fatty acids are highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation, which compromises the integrity and function of the cell membrane in which they reside.

Lipid peroxides are oxidative degradation products of lipids, generated by a free radical chain reaction. Because of their abundance of reactive hydrogens, polyunsaturated fatty acids are highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation, which compromises the integrity and function of the cell membrane in which they reside.

Lipid peroxides are a class of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that preferentially oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) linoleic, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic acids (omega-6 PUFAs).

Lipid peroxides exert their toxic effects via two mechanisms. One is by altering the assembly, composition, structure and dynamics of cell membrane lipid bilayers. The second is by producing more reactive oxygen species or by degrading into reactive compounds capable of damaging DNA and proteins.

The central nervous system is particularly prone to lipid peroxidation due to the high quantity of ROS as a byproduct of ATP synthesis in a lipid-enriched environment.16 Circulating LDLs can be affected by lipid peroxidation and are implicated in diseases including atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria in the gut. The LPS protects gram-negative bacteria from gram-positive bacteria. When gram-negative bacterium dies it releases its LPS, which travels through the epithelial cells of the intestinal barrier and finds its way into the blood stream.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria in the gut. The LPS protects gram-negative bacteria from gram-positive bacteria. When gram-negative bacterium dies it releases its LPS, which travels through the epithelial cells of the intestinal barrier and finds its way into the blood stream.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria in the gut. The LPS protects gram-negative bacteria from gram-positive bacteria. When gram-negative bacterium dies it releases its LPS, which travels through the epithelial cells of the intestinal barrier and finds its way into the blood stream.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a molecule made up of a lipid and a polysaccharide. LPS is a component of the surface membrane of gram-negative bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract. Gram-negative bacteria include: Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonus, Helicobactor, Legionella, Wolbachia. As an endotoxin, LPS increases the negative charge of the bacterial membrane and promotes the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Lipoprotein(a) is a unique lipoprotein that has emerged as an independent risk factor for developing vascular disease.

→ Lp(a) levels are genetically determined1 and not affected by changes in lifestyle.

→ Lp(a) is a plasma lipoprotein consisting of a cholesterolrich LDL particle attached to an additional apolipoprotein called apo(a).

→ Lipoproteins are made of protein and fat. They carry cholesterol through your blood. Lp(a) is a type of low-density lipoprotein (LDL).

→ LDL is known as “bad” cholesterol. High levels of Lp(a) can create plaque in your blood vessels. This is a buildup of cholesterol that lessens blood flow through your arteries.

The Liquefaction status in a semen analysis is an important aspect of semen analysis that assesses how semen changes from a coagulated to a more liquid state, with deviations from the norm potentially indicating fertility issues.

Liquefaction time in a semen analysis is a crucial parameter that indicates the time it takes for semen to transition from a gel-like consistency to a liquid state. It is essential for sperm mobility and is used as a diagnostic indicator to assess sperm health and potential fertility issues.

Lithium, when detected on a Profile 1, Trace Elements (Hair) test panel, plays a critical role in understanding one's exposure to this element and its potential impact on health. Primarily known for its use in psychiatric medication, particularly for bipolar disorder, lithium in trace amounts is naturally present in water and soil, and consequently in the human body. This test, which analyzes hair samples, offers a unique window into the body's long-term accumulation of lithium. Unlike blood tests that reflect recent exposure, hair analysis can reveal exposure over weeks to months. Lithium levels in hair can indicate either dietary intake or environmental exposure.

The lithium blood test measures the amount of lithium in your bloodstream to ensure levels stay within a safe and effective range. Lithium is a mood stabilizer commonly used to treat bipolar disorder and mania, but it has a narrow therapeutic window—meaning too little may be ineffective, while too much can be toxic. Regular monitoring helps adjust the dose, prevent side effects, and guide treatment decisions. Lithium is processed by the kidneys and affected by factors like hydration, sodium levels, and overall kidney function. Symptoms such as fatigue, tremors, nausea, or confusion may signal levels that are too high or too low, making this test essential for safe and successful long-term treatment.

Lithium, a chemical element represented by the symbol Li, is both a therapeutic agent and a potential toxicant, prominently featured in Toxic and Essential Elements panels for whole blood testing. Medically, lithium is primarily used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, effectively stabilizing mood and reducing the extremes of mania and depression. In such therapeutic use, monitoring lithium levels in whole blood is crucial, as the therapeutic range is relatively narrow and closely borders on toxicity. Symptoms of lithium toxicity include nausea, tremors, confusion, and in severe cases, renal impairment and neurotoxicity. In a Toxic and Essential Elements panel, the concentration of lithium in the blood is measured to ensure it remains within a safe and effective range for patients undergoing lithium therapy.