Aspergillus Hemolysis can cause immune suppression and is carcinogenic.

Aspergillus is the genus of asexual spore-forming mold species common in many climates. It is found in soil, water and air. Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus are common molds to which humans are exposed.

Aspergillus/Penicillium Neuro Auto-Toxin (Gliotoxin) can cause immune suppression, neurotoxicity (has been linked to multiple sclerosis and others), immune toxicity.

Gliotoxin  is produced by the mold genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus spreads in the environment by releasing conidia which are capable of infiltrating the small alveolar airways of individuals. In order to evade the body’s defenses Aspergillus releases Gliotoxin to inhibit the immune system. One of the targets of Gliotoxin is PtdIns (3,4,5) P3. This result in the downregulation of phagocytic immune defense, which can lead to the exacerbation of polymicrobial infections. Gliotoxin impairs the activation of T-cells and induces apoptosis in monocytes and in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. These impairments to dendritic cells can lead to multiple neurological syndromes. Retesting is recommended after 3-6 months of treatment.

Gliotoxin is produced by the common indoor mold genus Aspergillus and is immunosuppressive (=it can dampen the body's ability to ward off disease and infection).

Aspergillus/Penicillium Neuro Auto-Toxin (Gliotoxin) can cause immune suppression, neurotoxicity (has been linked to multiple sclerosis and others), immune toxicity.

Gliotoxin  is produced by the mold genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus spreads in the environment by releasing conidia which are capable of infiltrating the small alveolar airways of individuals. In order to evade the body’s defenses Aspergillus releases Gliotoxin to inhibit the immune system. One of the targets of Gliotoxin is PtdIns (3,4,5) P3. This result in the downregulation of phagocytic immune defense, which can lead to the exacerbation of polymicrobial infections. Gliotoxin impairs the activation of T-cells and induces apoptosis in monocytes and in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. These impairments to dendritic cells can lead to multiple neurological syndromes. Retesting is recommended after 3-6 months of treatment.

Gliotoxin is produced by the common indoor mold genus Aspergillus and is immunosuppressive (=it can dampen the body's ability to ward off disease and infection).

The AST/ALT ratio is calculated by dividing AST by ALT and helps identify the likely cause of liver enzyme abnormalities — it is not a directly measured test. A normal ratio is approximately 0.7–1.2; a ratio above 2 is the classic pattern of alcoholic liver disease, while a ratio below 1 is more typical of NAFLD, viral hepatitis, and acute liver injury where ALT rises preferentially. A ratio between 1 and 2 may reflect cirrhosis, advanced fibrosis, or NASH. The ratio is most clinically meaningful when at least one enzyme is elevated — a ratio calculated from two normal absolute values is generally not clinically significant.

Astrovirus can cause diarrheal illness (gastroenteritis). Infants and young children are most likely to have diarrhea caused by astroviruses, but the infection also occurs in the elderly and those with compromised immune systems.

What is Atopobium?

Atopobium is a genus of bacteria that resides in the human body, most notably in the gut, oral cavity, and urogenital tract. It is classified as a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, meaning it thrives in low-oxygen environments like the gastrointestinal tract. In small, balanced amounts, Atopobium plays a relatively neutral role in the gut microbiome. However, when levels become too high or too low, it can be a signal of microbial imbalance—also known as dysbiosis—that may contribute to various health issues.

On the Vibrant Wellness Gut Zoomer panel, Atopobium is measured to help assess your gut’s microbial composition and overall digestive health. This marker is part of a larger picture that helps determine if your gut is in balance—or if certain bacteria are overgrowing or missing.

Atrazine one of the most widely used herbicides in US to prevent pre- and postemergence broadleaf weeds in crops such as maize (corn) and sugarcane and on turf, such as golf courses and residential lawns. It used to be the most commonly detected pesticide contaminating drinking water and studies suggest it is an endocrine disruptor, an agent that can alter the natural hormonal system. The implications for children’s health are related to effects during pregnancy and during sexual development.

Atrazine is a common herbicide used in agriculture to control weeds. When it's used, it can break down in the environment into different forms, one of which is atrazine mercapturate. Atrazine and its breakdown products have been linked to potential health concerns, including disruptions to hormone systems and possibly increased risks of certain health issues. Testing for atrazine mercapturate can give insight into whether someone has been exposed to atrazine and its metabolites, which could be helpful in understanding potential health impacts or guiding strategies for reducing exposure.

Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) involved in the immune response. Atypical lymphocytes are generally lymphocytes that have been activated to respond to a viral infection or sometimes a bacterial or parasitic infection.

A few atypical lymphocytes are probably of little clinical significance. A large number of atypical lymphocytes are often found in viral infections like mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus infections and hepatitis B. Toxoplasmosis, certain bacterial infections, medications, stress and autoimmune diseases can also be accompanied by a larger number of atypical lymphocytes.

Atypical lymphocytes can also be observed in patients with several viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus infection, cytomegalovirus infection, rubella, Hantavirus infection, viral hepatitis and HIV infection.

Several studies have shown that atypical lymphocytes have also been found in the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of COVID-19 patients. It may reflect the disease pathophysiology and provide important information about the diagnosis or prognosis of the disease.

Atypical lymphocytes, quantified as x10^9/L on a White Blood Cell (WBC) Differential panel, are a crucial diagnostic marker, indicative of various pathological conditions. These cells, larger than typical lymphocytes, often exhibit irregular shapes and a more abundant cytoplasm, which can be either pale or deeply basophilic. Their nucleus may be lobulated or indented, contrasting with the typical round or slightly indented nucleus of standard lymphocytes.

Atypical perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) occur in most patients with ulcerative colitis but only in a minority of those with Crohn's disease.

Augmentin, a widely used antibiotic, is a combination of two active ingredients: amoxicillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic, and clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. This combination is designed to enhance the effectiveness of amoxicillin by overcoming certain types of antibiotic resistance. Amoxicillin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, effectively killing or stopping the growth of bacteria. However, many bacteria have developed resistance to amoxicillin through the production of beta-lactamase enzymes, which break down the antibiotic before it can act. Clavulanic acid in Augmentin inhibits these enzymes, thereby protecting amoxicillin from degradation and expanding its spectrum of activity. This makes Augmentin effective against a broader range of bacteria compared to amoxicillin alone, including many that are resistant to other penicillins.

It is a commonly encountered species in wet buildings. It is both a soil and leaf fungus.

Abnormal levels of Aureobasidi Pullulans may indicate an allergic sensitivity or hypersensitivity reaction to the fungus Aureobasidi pullulans, which is commonly found in environments such as damp areas, moldy buildings, and agricultural settings. Elevated levels suggest an overactive immune response to this fungal allergen, which may contribute to symptoms like asthma, allergic rhinitis, or other respiratory issues. Testing for this marker can help in diagnosing mold-related allergies and guide treatment strategies to manage allergic reactions.

Treatment for an allergy to Aureobasidi pullulans typically involves avoiding exposure to environments where the fungus is prevalent, such as damp or moldy areas. Medications such as antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, or leukotriene modifiers can help manage symptoms like nasal congestion or sneezing. For more severe reactions, immunotherapy (allergy shots) may be recommended to desensitize the immune system to the allergen over time. In some cases, if asthma is present, bronchodilators or inhaled corticosteroids may be prescribed to manage respiratory symptoms.