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Optimal range: 0.17 - 1 Ratio
The EPA:AA ratio is a valuable predictor of cardiovascular risk.
The EPA:AA ratio may be a marker of chronic inflammation, with a lower ratio corresponding to higher levels of inflammation. It is now well established that inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease.
Optimal range: 0 - 0.2 Ratio
The EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) to Arachidonic Acid ratio is a measure often used to gauge the balance of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory fatty acids in the body.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) is an omega-3 fatty acid primarily found in fatty fish and fish oil supplements, known for its anti-inflammatory properties.
In contrast, Arachidonic Acid is an omega-6 fatty acid found in animal products and some vegetable oils, which can give rise to pro-inflammatory eicosanoids when metabolized.
Optimal range: 0 - 0.6 Ratio
The fatty acid profile shows the balance of fats and their metabolites in plasma. Your overall balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fats is represented by the ratios of AA/EPA(arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid) and EPA/DGLA.
Optimal range: 0.07 - 5.98 Ratio
The fatty acid profile shows the balance of fats and their metabolites in plasma. Your overall balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fats is represented by the ratios of AA/EPA(arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid) and EPA/DGLA.
Optimal range: 2.3 - 14 ng/mg
Epi-Testosterone is one of several naturally-occurring testosterone compounds in the body that act as steroids.
Optimal range: 2.01 - 4.66 µg/g creatinine
Epitestosterone, or isotestosterone is an endogenous steroid and an epimer of the androgen sex hormone testosterone. It is a weak competitive antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR). Structurally, epitestosterone differs from testosterone only in the configuration at the hydroxy-bearing carbon, C17. Epitestosterone is believed to form in a similar way to testosterone; studies found that around 50% of epitestosterone production in human males can be ascribed to the testis, although the exact pathway of its formation is still the subject of research. It has been shown to accumulate in mammary cyst fluid and in the prostate. Epitestosterone levels are typically highest in young males; however, by adulthood, most healthy males exhibit a testosterone to epitestosterone ratio (T/E ratio) of about 1:1
Optimal range: 25 - 115 ng/mg
Epi-Testosterone is one of several naturally-occurring testosterone compounds in the body that act as steroids.
Optimal range: 0 - 40 ng/mg Creat/Day
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 3.15 - 8.85 ug/g Cr
Epi-Testosterone, an often-overlooked yet significant steroid hormone, is a critical marker in the ZRT Laboratory Urinary Neurotransmitters panel, underlining its relevance in the realm of male health diagnostics. Although chemically similar to testosterone, epi-testosterone functions differently and does not possess the same androgenic properties. In males, epi-testosterone is primarily known as a natural counterbalance to testosterone, maintaining a crucial hormonal equilibrium. Its ratio to testosterone is of particular interest in clinical assessments, as significant deviations from the normal balance can indicate various health issues, including endocrine disorders or potential doping in athletes.
Optimal range: 0 - 5 ng/mg Creat/Day
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 15 ng/mg Creat/Day
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 0.1 kU/L
Epicoccum can colonize an extremely wide variety of substrates. It lives in soil all over the world and is often associated with aging or decaying plant material. It is also a phytopathogen, causing leaf spot disease in many plants. It is an agent of food spoilage and has been known to develop on apples, cantaloupes, fresh vegetables, nuts and cereals, rice, wheat, maize, pecans, peanuts, cashews, soybean and frozen or cured meats. Interestingly Epicoccum can also colonize freshwater and marine environments and has been isolated from sediment, sponges, algae and other sea plants.
Optimal range: 0 - 95 pg/mL
Epinephrine, often better known as adrenaline, is synthesized from norepinephrine in both the CNS and the adrenal medulla. Much like norepinephrine, this excitatory neurotransmitter helps regulate muscle contraction, heart rate, glycogen breakdown, blood pressure and more, and is heavily involved in a stress response. Elevated levels of epinephrine are often associated with hyperactivity, ADHD, anxiety, sleep issues, and low adrenal function. Over time, chronic stress and stimulation can deplete epinephrine stores leading to difficulty concentrating, fatigue, depression, insufficient cortisol production, chronic stress, poor recovery from illness, dizziness and more.
Optimal range: 4.7 - 20.8 ug/g creat
Epinephrine is commonly known as adrenaline. Your body naturally produces it during times of stress. The hormone is also necessary for maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system — it makes the heart beat more strongly, and diverts blood to tissues during times of stress.
Optimal range: 0 - 20 mcg/g Cr
In a Catecholamines, Fractionated, Random Urine test, epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is one of the catecholamines measured. Epinephrine is a hormone and neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is also released by certain nerve cells in the sympathetic nervous system.
Epinephrine plays a vital role in the body's "fight or flight" response to stress or danger. When released into the bloodstream, it can have several effects, including increasing heart rate, dilating the airways, and redirecting blood flow to essential organs like the muscles and the brain. These responses prepare the body for quick action in response to a perceived threat.
Optimal range: 10 - 15 ug/g Cr
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a monoamine that serves as both a stress hormone and an excitatory neurotransmitter. It is produced by chromaffin cells within the adrenal medulla of the adrenal gland and is secreted into the bloodstream during acute stress. Epinephrine rapidly provides the body with the energy and alertness necessary to produce an appropriate response to stressors. It does this by binding to alpha and beta adrenergic receptors throughout the body and changing how various organs function, including the heart, blood vessels, lungs, liver, eyes, and digestive system. Most of the body's epinephrine acts as a hormone, and only a small amount acts as a neurotransmitter. The catecholamine synthesis pathway begins with the uptake of the amino acid tyrosine into the cytoplasm and ends with the production of epinephrine through a series of enzymatic reactions.
Optimal range: 1.6 - 8.3 µg/g
Epinephrine, often better known as adrenaline, is synthesized from norepinephrine in both the CNS and the adrenal medulla. Much like norepinephrine, this excitatory neurotransmitter helps regulate muscle contraction, heart rate, glycogen breakdown, blood pressure and more, and is heavily involved in a stress response. Elevated levels of epinephrine are often associated with hyperactivity, ADHD, anxiety, sleep issues, and low adrenal function. Over time, chronic stress and stimulation can deplete epinephrine stores leading to difficulty concentrating, fatigue, depression, insufficient cortisol production, chronic stress, poor recovery from illness, dizziness and more.
Optimal range: 0.7 - 6 mcg/g
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a monoamine that serves as both a stress hormone and an excitatory neurotransmitter. It is produced by chromaffin cells within the adrenal medulla of the adrenal gland and is secreted into the bloodstream during acute stress. Epinephrine rapidly provides the body with the energy and alertness necessary to produce an appropriate response to stressors. It does this by binding to alpha and beta adrenergic receptors throughout the body and changing how various organs function, including the heart, blood vessels, lungs, liver, eyes, and digestive system. Most of the body's epinephrine acts as a hormone, and only a small amount acts as a neurotransmitter. The catecholamine synthesis pathway begins with the uptake of the amino acid tyrosine into the cytoplasm and ends with the production of epinephrine through a series of enzymatic reactions.
Optimal range: 1.4 - 4.2 µg/g creatinine
Epinephrine is commonly known as adrenaline. Your body naturally produces it during times of stress. The hormone is also necessary for maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system — it makes the heart beat more strongly, and diverts blood to tissues during times of stress.