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Klebsiella pneumoniae

GI EcologiX (Invivo Healthcare)

Optimal range:   0 - 2.5 Units

Gram-negative bacteria in the Proteobacteria phylum. Common residents of the oral cavity and respiratory tract. May cause diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, and bloating; Common after long-term antibiotic use; May release histamine in the gut; High levels may indicate increased intestinal inflammatory activity.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae

Complete Microbiome Mapping (NutriPATH), NutriPATH

Optimal range:   0 - 5 x10^5 CFU/g

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Klebsiella pneumoniae

The GI – Advanced Profile (US BioTek), US BioTek

Optimal range:   0 - 5 x10^5 CFU/g

Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and closely related to the genera Enterobacter and Serratia. Klebsiella spp. are considered dysbiotic in the amount of 3 - 4 +. Klebsiella spp. are widely distributed in nature and in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. In humans, they may colonize the skin, oral cavity, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract. Regarded as normal flora in many parts of the colon, intestinal tract and biliary tract, the gut is the main reservoir of opportunistic strains.

This bacteria has the potential to cause intestinal, lung, urinary tract, and wound infections, but overgrowth of Klebsiella spp. is commonly asymptomatic.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae

GI-MAP Interpretive Guide by Diagnostic Solutions, Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory | GI-MAP & Food Sensitivity Tests

Optimal range:   0 - 50000 Units

Gram-negative bacteria in the Proteobacteria phylum. Common residents of the oral cavity and respiratory tract. May cause diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, and bloating; Common after long-term antibiotic use; May release histamine in the gut; High levels may indicate increased intestinal inflammatory activity.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae

Urine

Urinalysis

Reference range:   Normal, Abnormal

When K. pneumoniae enters the urinary tract, it can lead to a UTI. A UTI can affect any part of the urinary system, including the urethra, kidneys, bladder, and ureters. Symptoms include a strong, frequent need to urinate, burning sensation during urination, pelvic pain, and cloudy, bloody, or strong-smelling urine. Women are at a greater risk for UTIs than men.

As a gram-negative, encapsulated, non-motile bacterium, it is inherently resistant to multiple antibiotics, making its role in UTIs particularly concerning. Klebsiella pneumoniae primarily inhabits the gastrointestinal tract but can become opportunistic in immunocompromised individuals or when introduced into typically sterile areas like the urinary tract. UTIs caused by this bacterium are often more complicated to treat due to its resistance to commonly used antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins.

Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp (subspecies) is known for its thick, prominent capsule, which is a key virulence factor. This capsule helps the bacteria evade the host's immune response, allowing it to establish infection more effectively. When it infects the urinary tract, it can lead to a range of symptoms, from mild bladder infections (cystitis) to severe kidney infections (pyelonephritis). The presence of this bacterium in the urinary tract can be particularly dangerous in hospital settings, where it may cause nosocomial infections.

The treatment of UTIs caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae often requires the use of more potent antibiotics, such as carbapenems or aminoglycosides, which are reserved for more severe infections due to their potential side effects and the risk of further promoting antibiotic resistance.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae/variicola

GI360 stool profile, Doctor's Data

Reference range:   No Growth, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+

Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and closely related to the genera Enterobacter and Serratia. Klebsiella spp. are widely distributed in nature and in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. In humans, they may colonize the skin, oral cavity, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract.

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Klebsiella sp.

Stool

Full GI Panel, Parasitology Center, Inc. (PCI)

Reference range:   0 (No Presence), 1 (Low Presence), 2 (Moderate Presence), 3 (High Presence), 4 (Heavy Presence)

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Klebsiella species

The GI – Advanced Profile (US BioTek), US BioTek

Optimal range:   0 - 5 x10^3 CFU/g

Klebsiella are non-motile, Gramnegative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella bacteria are considered commensal but act as opportunistic bacteria in the GI tract. Klebsiellais a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.

Klebsiella is part of the normal intestinal flora. The environment likely acts as a reservoir for human acquisition, either as colonization or infection. It is frequently found in water, sewage, soil, and plant surfaces.

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Klebsiella species

Complete Microbiome Mapping (NutriPATH), NutriPATH

Optimal range:   0 - 5 x10^3 CFU/g

Klebsiella are non-motile, Gramnegative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella bacteria are considered commensal but act as opportunistic bacteria in the GI tract. Klebsiellais a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.

Klebsiella is part of the normal intestinal flora. The environment likely acts as a reservoir for human acquisition, either as colonization or infection. It is frequently found in water, sewage, soil, and plant surfaces.

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Klebsiella species

2200 GI Effects Comprehensive Profile - Stool, Genova Diagnostics

Reference range:   NG - No Growth, NP - Non-Pathogen, PP - Potential Pathogen, P - Pathogen

Klebsiella are non-motile, Gramnegative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella bacteria are considered commensal but act as opportunistic bacteria in the GI tract. Klebsiellais a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections.

Klebsiella is part of the normal intestinal flora. The environment likely acts as a reservoir for human acquisition, either as colonization or infection. It is frequently found in water, sewage, soil, and plant surfaces.

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Klebsiella spp.

Comprehensive Gut Biome & Health Test (Verisana), Verisana Lab

Optimal range:   0 - 0 cfu/ml

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Klebsiella spp.

GI-MAP Interpretive Guide by Diagnostic Solutions, Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory | GI-MAP & Food Sensitivity Tests

Optimal range:   0 - 5000 Units

Klebsiella species are gram-negative bacteria normally found in the intestinal tract that are associated with a wide range of small intestinal disorders including:

- alterations of motility,

- diarrhea,

- gas,

- abdominal pain,

- and bloating.

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KT Ratio

OMX Organic Metabolomics / Diagnostic Solutions, Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory | GI-MAP & Food Sensitivity Tests

Optimal range:   0 - 0.313 Ratio

KT Ratio stands for Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio (KTR).

What is Tryptophan?

Tryptophan is involved in serotonin production and is the least abundant amino acid.

What is Kynurenine?

Kynurenine is primary breakdown product of tryptophan.

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KT Ratio (Plasma)

OMX Organic Metabolomics / Diagnostic Solutions, Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory | GI-MAP & Food Sensitivity Tests

Optimal range:   0.018 - 0.101 Ratio

KT Ratio stands for Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio (KTR).

What is Tryptophan?

Tryptophan is involved in serotonin production and is the least abundant amino acid.

What is Kynurenine?

Kynurenine is primary breakdown product of tryptophan.

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Kynurenate

Urine

Organic Acids Profile (US BioTek), US BioTek

Optimal range:   0 - 2.49 ug/mg creatinine

Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.

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Kynurenate

3301 Organix Comprehensive Profile - Urine (mmol/mol creatinine), Genova Diagnostics

Optimal range:   0 - 7.1 mmol/mol creatinine

Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.

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Kynurenate

Organix Comprehensive Profile - Urine, Genova Diagnostics

Optimal range:   0 - 1.5 mcg/mg creatinine

Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.

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Kynurenate (Dutch)

Nutritional Organic Acids (Urine) - DUTCH, Precision Analytical (DUTCH)

Optimal range:   0.8 - 4.5 ug/mg

Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein.

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Kynurenate (Male)

Nutritional Organic Acids (Urine) - DUTCH, Precision Analytical (DUTCH)

Optimal range:   1 - 6.6 ug/mg

Kynurenate is product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Your body needs vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to utilize amino acids derived from dietary protein. Inadequate vitamin B6 is one factor that leads to increased concentrations of kynurenate and xanthurenate in urine. These products of amino acid breakdown cannot be further metabolized in the absence of vitamin B6.

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Kynurenate/Quinolinate

3301 Organix Comprehensive Profile - Urine (mmol/mol creatinine), Genova Diagnostics

Optimal range:   0.44 - 5 mmol/mol creatinine

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