Explore our database of over 4000 laboratory markers.
Search and Understand 4000+ Biomarkers
Optimal range: 13.8 - 59.7 nmol/ML
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 18.7 - 47.5 nmol/ML
Citrulline is an amino acid that is not one of the essential amino acids nor a common dietary amino acid (named after its only good natural source, watermelons), but is interconverted in the body and serves roles similar to L-arginine and L-ornithine.
Common food sources:
Food sources of L-citrulline include watermelon, muskmelons, bitter melons, squashes, gourds, cucumbers, and pumpkins.
Optimal range: 0.6 - 3.9 micromol/g creatinine
The amino acid citrulline gets its name from its high concentration in the watermelon Citrullus vulgaris. In human kidneys, citrulline and aspartic acid are united by argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) to produce arginosuccinate. The degradation of arginosuccinate to fumarate and arginine is a primary mechanism for sustaining plasma levels of arginine. The same enzyme acts in liver cells to complete the urea cycle.
Reference range: 100% Inhibition, 80% Inhibition, 60% Inhibition, 40% Inhibition, 20% Inhibition, 0% Inhibition
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 0.001 %
There are three types of Creatine Kinase enzymes:
CK-MM, found mostly in skeletal muscles
CK-MB, found mostly in the heart muscle
CK-BB, found mostly in your brain. It's also found in smooth muscles such as the intestine or uterus.
A small amount of CK in the blood is normal. Higher amounts can mean a health problem. Depending on the type and level of CK found, it can mean you have damage or disease of the skeletal muscles, heart, or brain.
Optimal range: 0 - 3 %
Creatine Kinase is a type of protein that is mostly found in the skeletal muscle (CK-MM). 97 to 100% of Creatine Kinase are usually found in skeletal muscle. The other two types of Creatine Kinase are CK-MB (Creatine Kinase found in the heart muscle) and CK-BB (Creatine Kinase found in brain tissue).
There are three types of Creatine Kinase enzymes:
CK-MM, found mostly in skeletal muscles
CK-MB, found mostly in the heart muscle
CK-BB, found mostly in brain tissue
CK-MB isoenzymes level helps quantify the degree of myocardial infarction and the timing of onset of infarction.
This enzyme is also used to determine the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy used for myocardial infarction.
This is found in cardiac and skeletal muscles. The cardiac muscle has 30%, and the skeletal muscle has 1% MB.
Optimal range: 97 - 100 %
Creatine Kinase is a type of protein that is mostly found in the skeletal muscle (CK-MM). 97 to 100% of Creatine Kinase are usually found in skeletal muscle. The other two types of Creatine Kinase are CK-MB (Creatine Kinase found in the heart muscle) and CK-BB (Creatine Kinase found in brain tissue).
There are three types of Creatine Kinase enzymes:
CK-MM, found mostly in skeletal muscles
CK-MB, found mostly in the heart muscle
CK-BB, found mostly in brain tissue
A small amount of CK in the blood is normal. Higher amounts can mean a health problem. Depending on the type and level of CK found, it can mean you have damage or disease of the skeletal muscles, heart, or brain
Optimal range: 0 - 0.1 kU/L
Cladosporium, a well known trigger for asthmatic attacks, is one of the most widespread molds.
Cladosporium includes about 40 species naturally found in soil, on decaying plant material and as plant pathogens.
In an indoor environment, Cladosporium spp. occur as secondary wall colonizers, appearing after the primary ones such as Penicillium species, Aspergillus versicolor and Wallemia sebi. Cladosporiumis very common on wet building material (e.g., gypsum board, acrylic painted walls, wood, wallpaper, carpet and mattress dust, HVAC fans, and wet insulation in mechanical cooling units).
Reference range: Class 0 (<0.1 kU/L), Class 0/1 (0.10-0.34 kU/L), Class 1 (0.35-0.69 kU/L), Class 2 (0.70-3.49 kU/L), Class 3 (3.50-17.4 kU/L), Class 4 (17.5-49.9 kU/L), Class 5 (50-100 kU/L), Class 6 (>100 kU/L)
Cladosporium, a well known trigger for asthmatic attacks, is one of the most widespread molds.
Cladosporium includes about 40 species naturally found in soil, on decaying plant material and as plant pathogens.
In an indoor environment, Cladosporium spp. occur as secondary wall colonizers, appearing after the primary ones such as Penicillium species, Aspergillus versicolor and Wallemia sebi. Cladosporiumis very common on wet building material (e.g., gypsum board, acrylic painted walls, wood, wallpaper, carpet and mattress dust, HVAC fans, and wet insulation in mechanical cooling units).
Optimal range: 0 - 0.35 kU/L
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 0.15 Units
Cladosporium, a well known trigger for asthmatic attacks, is one of the most widespread molds.
Cladosporium includes about 40 species naturally found in soil, on decaying plant material and as plant pathogens.
In an indoor environment, Cladosporium spp. occur as secondary wall colonizers, appearing after the primary ones such as Penicillium species, Aspergillus versicolor and Wallemia sebi. Cladosporiumis very common on wet building material (e.g., gypsum board, acrylic painted walls, wood, wallpaper, carpet and mattress dust, HVAC fans, and wet insulation in mechanical cooling units).
Optimal range: 0 - 0.15 Units
Cladosporium, a well known trigger for asthmatic attacks, is one of the most widespread molds.
Cladosporium includes about 40 species naturally found in soil, on decaying plant material and as plant pathogens.
In an indoor environment, Cladosporium spp. occur as secondary wall colonizers, appearing after the primary ones such as Penicillium species, Aspergillus versicolor and Wallemia sebi. Cladosporiumis very common on wet building material (e.g., gypsum board, acrylic painted walls, wood, wallpaper, carpet and mattress dust, HVAC fans, and wet insulation in mechanical cooling units).
Optimal range: 0.1 - 1.9 ELISA Index
Elevated antibody levels can be clinically significant — while the antibodies themselves don’t destroy anything, they do trigger an inflammatory response that can cause significant destruction of tissue and resulting symptoms. This response is not necessarily dependent on antibody levels. However, an equivocal result may mean you are just beginning to exhibit an immune reaction, so this is an important time to take measures to support the body in damping immune reactivity.
Reference range: Very Low, Low, Moderate, High, Very High
LEARN MOREReference range: Negative, Positive
The GI-MAP includes results for detection of H. pylori antibiotic resistance genes. If an antibiotic resistance gene is present, then that class of antibiotics is designated POSITIVE for antibiotic resistance. A positive result for the presence of resistance genes for a given antibiotic indicates that the antibiotic is not an ideal choice for an antibiotic protocol. Since microbes can rapidly share DNA under stress, the presence of antibiotic resistance is reason enough to avoid that drug class.
Optimal range: 25 - 100 %
The term motility refers to the movement of a man’s sperm. The analysis assesses whether or not the sperm are swimming properly and in a straight line. Sperm receive a letter grade from A to D, with an A given to the fastest, straightest swimmers and a D given to those that don’t move at all.
Class A - They are fast progressive sperms that swim quickly in a straightforward direction.