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Optimal range: 0 - 1.5 mmol/mol creatinine
Formiminoglutamate (FIGLU) is a functional marker of insufficiency of folic acid, another B-vitamin, and is a compound made from the amino acid histidine.
Optimal range: 0 - 2.2 mcg/mg creatinine
Formiminoglutamate (FIGLU) is a functional marker of insufficiency of folic acid, another B-vitamin, and is a compound made from the amino acid histidine.
Optimal range: 0 - 5.1 ug/mgCR
Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGlu) is an intermediary organic acid in the conversion of the amino acid histidine to glutamic acid. This enzymatic conversion requires tetrahydrofolic acid.
Optimal range: 0 - 2.7 nmol/mg Creatinine
Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGlu) is an intermediary organic acid in the conversion of the amino acid histidine to glutamic acid. This enzymatic conversion requires tetrahydrofolic acid.
Optimal range: 0 - 1.5 mmol/mol creatinine
Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGlu) is an intermediary organic acid in the conversion of the amino acid histidine to glutamic acid. This enzymatic conversion requires tetrahydrofolic acid.
Optimal range: 0 - 1.5 mmol/mol creatinine
Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGlu) is a functional marker of insufficiency of folic acid, another B-vitamin, and is a compound made from the amino acid histidine.
Optimal range: 0 - 6.6 u
Free androgen index is a measure of how much testosterone is free and available for use by the body. Much of the testosterone present in the blood is bound to SHBG, and when bound to SHBG, testosterone is inactive. The free androgen index indicates how much testosterone is free and is calculated from total testosterone and SHBG levels. Therefore, high free androgen index results indicate high levels of free testosterone, which can occur with polycystic ovary syndrome and cause menstrual problems, abnormal hair growth and fertility issues.
Optimal range: 7.8 - 29.5 µg/g creatinine
Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is normally released in response to events and circumstances such as waking up in the morning, exercising, and acute stress.
In the Advanced Dried Urine Hormone Profile (NutriPATH) test there are 4 individual free cortisol readings that were measured at different times throughout one day:
- Free Cortisol (1st Morning)
- Free Cortisol (2nd Morning)
- Free Cortisol (Evening)
- Free Cortisol (Night)
When you are looking at Free Cortisol (1st Morning) it is essential to also look at Free Cortisol (2nd Morning). The difference between those 2 cortisol samples is called the cortisol awakening response (or CAR).
An elevated CAR would mean that the difference between those 2 markers is really big.
Different possible reasons for an elevated CAR:
- an overactive HPA axis (=plays an important role in the stress response), ongoing job-related stress (anticipatory stress for the day)
- blood sugar dysregulation
- pain (i.e. waking with painful joints or a migraine),
- and general depression (not Seasonal affective disorder/”winter depression”)
Neither the waking nor post-waking cortisol results correlated to Major Depressive Disorder, but the CAR calculation (the change between the first two samples) does. So this means that if your morning free cortisol reading spikes up high first thing in the morning, there is something to look at. Is there an overactivity to stress? Are you anticipating a stressful day at work? If your morning free cortisol levels are high, this can be due to stress or anticipating stress.
Optimal range: 23.4 - 68.9 µg/g creatinine
This is the 2nd cortisol sample of the day. Usually measured 30 to 60 minutes after waking.
Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is normally released in response to events and circumstances such as waking up in the morning, exercising, and acute stress.
In the Advanced Dried Urine Hormone Profile (NutriPATH) test there are 4 individual free cortisol readings that were measured at different times throughout one day:
- Free Cortisol (1st Morning)
- Free Cortisol (2nd Morning)
- Free Cortisol (Evening)
- Free Cortisol (Night)
When you are looking at Free Cortisol (2nd Morning) it is essential to also look at Free Cortisol (1st Morning). The difference between those 2 cortisol samples is called the cortisol awakening response (or CAR).
An elevated CAR would mean that the difference between those 2 markers is really big.
Different possible reasons for an elevated CAR:
- an overactive HPA axis (=plays an important role in the stress response), ongoing job-related stress (anticipatory stress for the day)
- blood sugar dysregulation
- pain (i.e. waking with painful joints or a migraine),
- and general depression (not Seasonal affective disorder/”winter depression”)
Neither the waking nor post-waking cortisol results correlated to Major Depressive Disorder, but the CAR calculation (the change between the first two samples) does. So this means that if your morning free cortisol reading spikes up high first thing in the morning, there is something to look at. Is there an overactivity to stress? Are you anticipating a stressful day at work? If your morning free cortisol levels are high, this can be due to stress or anticipating stress.
Optimal range: 6 - 19.2 µg/g creatinine
This is the 3rd cortisol sample of the day. Usually measured in the afternoon/evening.
Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is normally released in response to events and circumstances such as waking up in the morning, exercising, and acute stress.
In the Advanced Dried Urine Hormone Profile (NutriPATH) test there are 4 individual free cortisol readings that were measured at different times throughout one day:
- Free Cortisol (1st Morning)
- Free Cortisol (2nd Morning)
- Free Cortisol (Evening)
- Free Cortisol (Night)
Optimal range: 2.6 - 8.4 µg/g creatinine
This is the 4th cortisol sample of the day (=evening/night).
Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is normally released in response to events and circumstances such as waking up in the morning, exercising, and acute stress.
In the Advanced Dried Urine Hormone Profile (NutriPATH) test there are 4 individual free cortisol readings that were measured at different times throughout one day:
- Free Cortisol (1st Morning)
- Free Cortisol (2nd Morning)
- Free Cortisol (Evening)
- Free Cortisol (Night)
Optimal range: 0.2 - 1.8 ug/dL
This cortisol test measures the level of cortisol in your blood to see if your levels are normal.
Cortisol is made by your adrenal glands, two small glands that sit above the kidneys. A gland in your brain, called the pituitary gland, makes a hormone that tells your adrenal glands how much cortisol to make. If your cortisol levels are too high or too low, it may mean you have a disorder of your adrenal glands, a problem with your pituitary gland, or a tumor that makes cortisol.
Optimal range: 31.6 - 91.6 µg/g creatinine
Cortisone is the inactive form of cortisol. Cortisone shows minimal biological activity per se, reflecting negligible affinity for the glucocorticoid and aldosterone receptors. The kidney, colon and saliva gland have lots of activity for changing cortisol to cortisone (active to inactive) to keep cortisol off the aldosterone receptor. Cortisone is converted back in the liver, fat, etc. (inactive to active).
Free Cortisone (1st Morning) can help to confirm the marker Free Cortisol (1st Morning).
Optimal range: 63.3 - 175.8 µg/g creatinine
Cortisone is the inactive form of cortisol. Cortisone shows minimal biological activity per se, reflecting negligible affinity for the glucocorticoid and aldosterone receptors. The kidney, colon and saliva gland have lots of activity for changing cortisol to cortisone (active to inactive) to keep cortisol off the aldosterone receptor. Cortisone is converted back in the liver, fat, etc. (inactive to active).
Free Cortisone (2nd Morning) can help to confirm the marker Free Cortisol (2nd Morning).
Optimal range: 30.6 - 88.5 µg/g creatinine
Cortisone is the inactive form of cortisol. Cortisone shows minimal biological activity per se, reflecting negligible affinity for the glucocorticoid and aldosterone receptors. The kidney, colon and saliva gland have lots of activity for changing cortisol to cortisone (active to inactive) to keep cortisol off the aldosterone receptor. Cortisone is converted back in the liver, fat, etc. (inactive to active).
Free Cortisone (Evening) can help to confirm the marker Free Cortisol (Evening).
Optimal range: 15.5 - 44.7 µg/g creatinine
Cortisone is the inactive form of cortisol. Cortisone shows minimal biological activity per se, reflecting negligible affinity for the glucocorticoid and aldosterone receptors. The kidney, colon and saliva gland have lots of activity for changing cortisol to cortisone (active to inactive) to keep cortisol off the aldosterone receptor. Cortisone is converted back in the liver, fat, etc. (inactive to active).
Free Cortisone (Night) can help to confirm the marker Free Cortisol (Night).
Optimal range: 9.6 - 30.2 ng/mg CR
Dehydroepiandrosterone is a 17-Ketosteroid produced primarily by the adrenal gland by side chain cleavage of 17-Hydroxy Pregnenolone. It is reversibly converted to Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate and Androstenediol. It is also converted to Androstenedione. It is excreted in the urine as Sulfate and Glucuronide conjugates and unconjugated (Free) forms.
Free DHEA urine is excreted into the urine primarily from Free (unbound) blood DHEA. DHEA urine is one of the first androgens to increase significantly at the onset of adrenache. Levels increase throughout puberty until adulthood. In females, levels drop off sharply after menopause. DHEA may distinguish adrenal causes of overandrogenization from gonadal causes.
Optimal range: 6.1 - 17.3 ng/mg CR
The marker Free Dehydroepiandrosterone (Free DHEA) is a crucial indicator of adrenal gland function and overall androgen status in women. DHEA, a naturally occurring steroid hormone, is primarily produced by the adrenal glands and is a precursor to both estrogens and androgens, including testosterone. In the context of the comprehensive hormone panel, measuring Free DHEA in urine provides valuable insights into the body's unbound and bioavailable DHEA, as opposed to total DHEA levels which include both bound and free forms. This distinction is important because it is the free form of DHEA that is biologically active and capable of influencing physiological processes.
Elevated levels of Free DHEA can be indicative of adrenal hyperactivity or an adrenal tumor, and they are often associated with conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), where there is an excess of androgens. Symptoms of high DHEA levels include acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth in areas where hair is normally minimal or absent), and irregular menstrual cycles. On the other hand, low levels of Free DHEA might suggest adrenal insufficiency, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and mood disturbances.
Optimal range: 1.6 - 3.6 %
Navigating the complexities of hormonal health can be challenging, especially when it comes to understanding 'Free Estradiol, Percent'. This marker is crucial for women who are monitoring their hormonal balance, fertility, or overall health. Estradiol is a primary form of estrogen, a hormone that plays a pivotal role in female reproductive health. It influences everything from your menstrual cycle to mood regulation. What sets 'free' estradiol apart is its bioavailability. Unlike total estradiol, which includes all estradiol in your blood (both attached to proteins and unattached), free estradiol refers exclusively to the unbound portion.
