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Optimal range: 4.2 - 6.8 mg/dL , 1.73 - 2.79 mmol/L
Hundreds of enzymatic reactions in the body depend on magnesium for energy production, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and blood vessel function. A deficiency of this critical element within the cell may be seen with the RBC magnesium test.
Optimal range: 12 - 293 mg/24 hr
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 3.1 mcg/mg creatinine
Malate is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 3 mmol/mol creatinine
Malate is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 2.62 ug/mg creatinine
Malate is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 2 Score
Biomarkers:
Products of Protein Breakdown - Products of Protein Breakdown are markers of undigested protein reaching the colon.
Pancreatic Elastase - Pancreatic Elastase-1 is a marker of exocrine pancreatic function.
Fecal Fats - Fecal Fat is a marker of fat breakdown and absorption.
Score explanation:
The functional imbalance scores are generated using weighted algorithms that incorporate biomarkers belonging to each functional category.
0 to 2: This represents a low need for support.
2 to 3: This represents an optional need for support.
4 to 6: This represents moderate need for support.
7 to 10: This represents high need for support.
Therapeutic Support Options:
Therapeutic support options are static to serve as potential treatment ideas. Clinician discretion is advised when selecting appropriate therapeutics for individual patients.
- Digestive Enzymes
- Betaine HCl
- Bile Salts
- Apple Cider Vinegar
- Mindful Eating Habits
- Digestive Bitters
Optimal range: 0 - 3 mmol/mol creatinine
Fumaric acid uses the fumarase enzyme to become malic acid. Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of malic acid into oxaloacetate. Two forms of this enzyme exist in eukaryotes. One operates within the mitochondria to contribute to the Citric Acid Cycle; the other is in the cytosol where it participates in the malate/ aspartate shuttle. Riboflavin is an important cofactor for this enzyme and overall mitochondrial energy production and cellular function. At the end of each Citric Acid Cycle, the four-carbon oxaloacetate has been regenerated, and the cycle continues.
Optimal range: 0.06 - 1.8 mmol/mol creatinine
Malic Acid is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 1.1 mmol/mol creatinine
Malic Acid is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 2.3 mmol/mol creatinine
Malic Acid is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 3 mmol/mol creatinine
Malic Acid is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0 - 3.59 ug/mgCR
Fumaric acid uses the fumarase enzyme to become malic acid. Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of malic acid into oxaloacetate. Two forms of this enzyme exist in eukaryotes. One operates within the mitochondria to contribute to the Citric Acid Cycle; the other is in the cytosol where it participates in the malate/ aspartate shuttle. Riboflavin is an important cofactor for this enzyme and overall mitochondrial energy production and cellular function. At the end of each Citric Acid Cycle, the four-carbon oxaloacetate has been regenerated, and the cycle continues.
Optimal range: 0 - 3 mmol/mol creatinine
Fumaric acid uses the fumarase enzyme to become malic acid. Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of malic acid into oxaloacetate. Two forms of this enzyme exist in eukaryotes. One operates within the mitochondria to contribute to the Citric Acid Cycle; the other is in the cytosol where it participates in the malate/ aspartate shuttle. Riboflavin is an important cofactor for this enzyme and overall mitochondrial energy production and cellular function. At the end of each Citric Acid Cycle, the four-carbon oxaloacetate has been regenerated, and the cycle continues.
Optimal range: 1 - 27.1 nmol/mg Creatinine
Malic Acid is involved in the citric acid cycle (aka. Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondrion to generate chemical energy that fuels the metabolism.
Optimal range: 0.08 - 1.74 mmol/mol
Fumaric acid uses the fumarase enzyme to become malic acid. Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of malic acid into oxaloacetate. Two forms of this enzyme exist in eukaryotes. One operates within the mitochondria to contribute to the Citric Acid Cycle; the other is in the cytosol where it participates in the malate/ aspartate shuttle.
Riboflavin is an important cofactor for this enzyme and overall mitochondrial energy production and cellular function. Riboflavin (also known as vitamin B2) is one of the B vitamins, which are all water soluble.
At the end of each Citric Acid Cycle, the four-carbon oxaloacetate has been regenerated, and the cycle continues.
Optimal range: 0 - 9.7 mmol/mol creatinine
Malonic acid is found to be associated with malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. The name “Malonic” originates from Latin malum, meaning apple. Malonic acid is the archetypal example of a competitive inhibitor: it acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Optimal range: 0 - 0 mmol/mol creatinine
Malonic acid is found to be associated with malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. The name “Malonic” originates from Latin malum, meaning apple. Malonic acid is the archetypal example of a competitive inhibitor: it acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Optimal range: 0 - 9.9 mmol/mol creatinine
Malonic acid is found to be associated with malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. The name “Malonic” originates from Latin malum, meaning apple. Malonic acid is the archetypal example of a competitive inhibitor: it acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Optimal range: 0 - 18 mmol/mol creatinine
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