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Ulcerative colitis (UC)

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition confined primarily to the colon and rectum, forming part of a group of conditions known as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). It is characterized by the inflammation and continuous ulceration of the mucosal layer of the colon, which distinguishes it from Crohn's Disease, another type of IBD that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and involves deeper layers of the bowel wall. The exact etiology of UC remains unclear, but it is understood to be a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, immune system malfunctions, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Clinically, UC presents with symptoms including persistent diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and urgency in bowel movements. The severity of these symptoms can range from mild to debilitating, often with periods of remission and exacerbation. Complications may include severe bleeding, perforated colon, and an increased risk of colon cancer, particularly in patients with extensive and long-standing inflammation.

Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease

Unexplained prolonged aPTT

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Urethritis

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Alternative Names: Bladder infection; UTI; Cystitis bacterial; Pyelonephritis; Kidney infection What is a urinary tract infection? A urinary tract infection is a very common type of infection in your urinary system. It can involve any part of your urinary system. Bacteria — especially E. coli — are the most common cause of UTIs. Symptoms include needing to pee often, pain while peeing and pain in your side or lower back. Antibiotics can treat most UTIs. A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system. The urinary system includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra. UTIs are common infections that happen when bacteria, often from the skin or rectum, enter the urethra, and infect the urinary tract. The infections can affect several parts of the urinary tract, but the most common type is a bladder infection (cystitis). Are women more at risk to have a urinary tract infection (UTI)? Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than are men.

Urinary Tract Tuberculosis

Urinary tract tuberculosis (UTTB) is a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra. It is also referred to as genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) when the genital organs are involved. UTTB is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary TB, accounting for up to around a quarter of extrapulmonary TB cases in some series. The condition typically develops years or even decades after an initial lung infection, when dormant bacteria reactivate and spread through the bloodstream to the urinary tract. Because symptoms are non-specific and closely mimic common urological conditions — particularly recurrent urinary tract infections — diagnosis is frequently delayed, which can lead to irreversible kidney and bladder damage. With early detection and full treatment, the cure rate is approximately 90%. How it develops Primary TB infection almost always begins in the lungs. In most people, the immune system contains the bacteria, which remain dormant.